Purchasing a business is a significant investment, and ensuring the transaction runs smoothly – and leaves you with a fair deal – requires careful preparation.
The best way to avoid costly surprises is to conduct thorough due diligence and carefully reviewing the disclosure bundle provided by the seller.
As a buyer, you’ll typically kick off the process by issuing a detailed questionnaire to the seller, which should cover critical areas such as:
- Financial performance
- Operational structure
- Property arrangements
- Compliance obligations
The seller’s responses, supported by relevant documentation, will ultimately form the disclosure bundle.
Below, we’ve outlined the key components you should request in a due diligence and disclosure bundle.
Request financial statements and records
Working with your financial advisors to access insights into the business’s financial health, stability, and growth potential, you will need to assess their balance sheets, income statements, cash flow statements, tax returns and audited accounts.
Ideally, these records should cover the past three years of the business to help you identify any red flags and assess whether it is a sound investment.
In some instances, businesses may have conducted an audit – as part of their statutory requirements – to support the sale of the business.
It is important to read and understand the findings of any audit as it may identify further risk or poor financial management.
Contracts, agreements and compliance – what do you need access to?
To help you anticipate any future costs and liabilities, you will need to review their contracts and agreements.
These can include:
- Commercial property leases or tenancy agreements
- Customer agreements
- Partnership or joint venture agreements.
- Supplier and service contracts
- Loan or finance agreements
- Insurance policies – both current policies and any past or ongoing claims
If you skip this step, you could find yourself responsible for unexpected financial obligations, unresolved disputes, or even legal claims that could have been avoided with proper due diligence.
In addition to reviewing contracts, ensure the business complies with legal and regulatory requirements.
Request key policies, such as GDPR and Anti-Money Laundering, health and safety certificates, and any relevant licences or permits.
For example, if you’re buying a bar, ensure it holds a valid licence to sell alcohol.
Review employee contracts
When you are buying a business, you are not only taking on the operational aspects, but you are also responsible for workforce-related obligations.
This includes honouring existing employment contracts, managing accrued holiday pay, and pensions, and ensuring compliance with employment laws and regulations.
You may also inherit ongoing disputes, grievances, or claims from current or former employees.
Take the time to thoroughly review staff contracts, employee handbooks, and any outstanding HR matters during the due diligence process.
By addressing these considerations upfront, you’ll be better prepared to foster a smooth transition and maintain a motivated, well-managed team.
Are you aware of the full value of the business?
Accurate valuations will help you avoid overpaying and ensure you’re fully informed about the true financial position of the business.
Ask the seller to provide:
- An up-to-date inventory list.
- Asset valuations.
- Maintenance records for key assets.
In addition to these, consider the condition, age, and depreciation of the assets, as well as any outstanding finance or leasing agreements attached to them.
This insight will also aid in planning for future investments, repairs, or replacements, allowing you to make well-informed decisions from day one.
Disclosure letters
Before making any major decisions, ask the seller to provide a disclosure letter.
This should outline any known issues, exceptions, or risks that might affect the business and will help you manage your expectations and reduce the risk of post-sale disputes.
Seek expert guidance
Without conducting thorough due diligence on the business you plan to buy, you will likely find yourself facing issues and costs that could have been avoided.
Our Corporate Solicitors can provide you with the expertise needed to carefully examine the proposed purchase and obtain the necessary documentation from the buyer.
We’ll help you identify potential red flags, clarify complex legal details, and ensure you’re fully aware of what you’re taking on.
Get in touch with us today for tailored support throughout your business acquisition journey.